Congenital glaucoma, also known as infantile glaucoma, refers to a rare eye condition present at birth that affects the optic nerve. This condition manifests when there is a blockage in the eye's drainage canals, leading to increased pressure within the eye. While congenital glaucoma is widely recognized by its common name, there are several synonyms that can be used interchangeably to describe the condition. These include hereditary glaucoma, infantile open-angle glaucoma, and primary congenital glaucoma. Despite the various terms used, the underlying understanding remains the same - a condition that arises at birth and leads to increased intraocular pressure, potentially causing irreversible damage to the optic nerve if left untreated.