The cerebellum, also known as the little brain, is a crucial part of the human brain that is responsible for maintaining balance and coordinating movements. Its Latin name, cerebelli, can be synonymously described as the hindbrain, which governs motor skills and sensory functions. Other synonyms for cerebelli include metencephalon and cerebellar cortex. The cerebellum is made up of a complex network of neurons, known as Purkinje cells, and is connected to the spinal cord and other parts of the brain. Disorders of the cerebellum can lead to various movement and balance disorders, such as ataxia, which can significantly impact a person's quality of life.